Introduction. Very dangerous conditions and unconventional hazards are commonplace for tactical law enforcement (SWAT) teams. Most teams are equipped and trained to handle hostage incidents, barricades, high risk warrant service and dignitary protection. Many teams have additional duties which put them at high risk for injury, such as tactical diving and other marine activities, back country law enforcement, air operations or search and rescue. Some teams operate on a full time basis, while others are part-time, responding from patrol duties and other assignments when required. All are highly trained to operate in these adverse and austere conditions. Due to the nature of the missions and the special training of these teams, personnel continuously work at the edge of the safety envelope. The health and safety of a tactical team is a command responsibility. Manpower maintenance and appropriate medical support are essential to mission accomplishment.